KJR Charge Reference
Charge Reference — Penalties, Orders & Bail
Select a charge to see its procedural profile: maximum and minimum penalties by mode of prosecution, preliminary inquiry eligibility, discharge and conditional sentence availability, reverse-onus bail bases, and the ancillary orders that may attach on conviction.
What this covers: selected Criminal Code and CDSA offences, with the statutory penalties, the derived procedural flags (preliminary inquiry, discharge, conditional sentence), the reverse-onus bail bases that can engage, the ancillary orders available on conviction, and the immigration serious-criminality line. Rows are deep-linkable. What it doesn't: it does not weigh the facts of any matter, a prior record, or the exercise of prosecutorial or judicial discretion. Availability shown is statutory availability, not a prediction about any case. Provincial and territorial practice may vary, and some mandatory minimums have been found unconstitutional in some jurisdictions — confirm the current statutory text and its status before relying on any entry.
Summary conviction proceedings must generally be instituted within 12 months of the events (s. 786(2)), unless the prosecutor and the defendant agree to proceed out of time; on a hybrid offence the limitation does not bind the Crown, which may proceed by indictment.
Hybrid offences shown as prosecuted by indictment — switch any row to summary.
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How these fields are derived
Preliminary inquiry. Shown as available where the offence can be prosecuted by indictment and carries a maximum of fourteen years or more, and then only on the request of the accused or the prosecutor. A hybrid offence qualifies only where the Crown proceeds by indictment.
Discharge and conditional sentence — the minimum-fine asymmetry. A discharge is unavailable where the offence carries any minimum punishment (a minimum fine counts) or is punishable by fourteen years or more. A conditional sentence is barred by a minimum term of imprisonment but not by a minimum fine. So a minimum fine can rule out a discharge while a conditional sentence remains statutorily available — the two do not track each other.
2026 amendments and dates. Four Acts amended the Criminal Code in July 2026 (S.C. 2026, cc. 11, 12, 15 and 19). Each entry shows the law for an offence committed now. Where an amendment turns on a date, the entry says so in a dated note: most sentencing changes apply only to offences committed on or after July 15, 17 or 18, 2026; the sexual-history and records procedures turn on the date the charge was laid; and the bail changes, including the stricter show-cause standard for every reverse-onus category, apply to every case now before the courts. The tool has no date input, so check the offence and charge dates against those notes.
Immigration. The serious-criminality line under the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act is read off the indictable maximum — the ten-year threshold — even where the Crown proceeds summarily on a hybrid offence.
All penalty values and order bases are drawn from the statutory text; the procedural flags above are computed from those values at display time rather than stored. Confirm the current text before relying on any entry.